CZ is the abbreviation for Czech Republic, the 115th largest country in the world. Officially the Czech Republic, Czech Republic is a country located in Europe, bordering 4 countries – Austria, Germany, Poland, and Slovakia. Prague is the capital city of Czech Republic. Major cities include Prague (population: 1,165,570), Brno (population: 369,548), Ostrava (population: 313,077), Pilsen (population: 164,169), Olomouc (population: 101,257), Liberec (population: 97,759), České Budějovice (population: 96,042), Hradec Králové (population: 95,184), Ústí nad Labem (population: 94,116), and Pardubice (population: 88,730).
Country Profile
- Capital: Prague
- Language: Czech
- Area: 78,866 km2
- Population: 10,649,789
- Currency: Czech koruna (CZK)
- Time zone: UTC+1
- Calling code: 420
- ISO 2-Letter Abbreviation: CZ
- UN 3-Letter Abbreviation: CZE
- Internet TLD: .cz
- State Government Website: http://czechtourism.com
List of Czech Republic Acronyms
The most commonly used abbreviations about Czech Republic are CZ which stands for Czech Republic and CZK which means Czech koruna (Czech Republic currency). In the following table, you can see all acronyms related to Czech Republic, including abbreviations for airport, city, school, port, government, and etc.
Geography
The Czech Republic is an inland state with no coastline. Nature is characterized by open plains, surrounded by high, steep mountains. In the northwest lies the country’s highest mountain Sněžka (1602 masl). The western part of the country consists of a hilly plateau with many large river valleys. The country’s major rivers flow into three different seas (the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the Black Sea). Around a third of the country is covered by forest. The climate is continental, with long, cold and relatively dry winters, and hot summers.
The biggest environmental challenges in the Czech Republic are related to air and water pollution. Impact from pollutants and acid rainfall has led to widespread forest death. In some areas, especially in the east, air pollution is so severe that it poses a real health threat to citizens. Since the Czech Republic joined the EU in 2004, air pollution has improved somewhat, but much remains to be done before the health hazard is completely gone. The country is also exposed to floods and floods by and around the major rivers.
History
The history of the Czech Republic is characterized by its central location. In the year 895, Czech princes swore allegiance to the East Frankish king. This marked the beginning of a more than 1000 year long source of conflict with the first Eastern Franconian kingdom, then the German-Roman Empire, the Habsburg Empire and then the Empire of Austria. The first independent state formation in today’s Czech Republic was the Bohemian kingdom in the 9th century. The kingdom was quickly subjugated and incorporated into the German-Roman Empire. Until the First World War, the areas that include today’s Czech Republic were under German, so Austria-Hungary influence.
After World War I and the disintegration of the Austria-Hungary double monarchy, Czechs and Slovaks formed one country. Czechoslovakia was created on territories from Austria and Hungary. After World War II, Czechoslovakia became communist, and had close political ties to the Soviet Union. In 1968, the demand to change Soviet-based communism to “socialism with a human face” was brutally rejected. This led to anti-Soviet demonstrations, something the Soviet Union faced with brutality and invasion of the country. When the Soviet Union fell apart in 1989, Czechoslovakia gained democracy through a peaceful revolution called the “velvet revolution”. In 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia became two independent countries through a peaceful separation.
Society and politics
The Czech Republic is a parliamentary republic where the president is the head of state. The president is elected in direct elections and has little power. The executive power lies with the government headed by a prime minister. The Prime Minister and the government are based on the lower chamber of the legislative assembly. These are elected in general elections every four years. Politics in the Czech Republic has been stable and democratic since the early 1990s. The country joined NATO in 1999, and the EU in 2004.
Relations with Germany have been tense after World War II. Among other things, the large German people group (Sudetis) was displaced in the post-war period. In 1997, Germany and the Czech Republic adopted a declaration in which Germany lamented Nazi Germany’s assault on Czechoslovakia, while the Czech Republic lamented the injustice perpetrated against many Sudanese.
Since the transition to democracy and market economy, living standards in the Czech Republic have improved. Today, living standards are at par with other Western European countries. The social insurance system works well and includes, among other things, unemployment insurance, health insurance, parental leave and pensions. Women are equal men but are underrepresented both in politics and in working life. In 2006, the Czech Republic became the first Eastern European country to allow equal partnerships.
Economics and Commerce
The Czech Republic has long been a successful industrialized country. Already during the communist era the country had a strong economy and industry compared to other communist countries. This made the transition to capitalism less problematic for the Czech Republic than for the other neighboring communist countries. About 80 percent of the country’s gross domestic productcomes from exports. Particularly important export industries are automotive, mechanical engineering, chemical industry and electronics. As the economy is based on exports, the country is vulnerable to fluctuations in world market prices. This became evident during both the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the subsequent Euro crisis in 2012, as exports declined and the country’s economy stopped. Since 2014, the economy has seen steady growth. The most important export markets are Germany, Slovakia and Poland. In large part due to the strong automotive industry, the country has a large trade surplus (they export more than they import).
More than half of the population is employed in the service industry, while just under half are employed in industry. Only about 2 per cent are employed in agriculture, and this industry has little significance for the country’s gross domestic product. The country has low unemployment and an ever-increasing standard of living.
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